从马槽到十字架耶路撒冷基督教遗产简介
在东方的黎明中，耶路撒冷这座古老而神圣的城市静静地醒来，它不仅是犹太人的圣城，也是伊斯兰世界的第三大清真寺所在地，更是基督教世界对抗罗马帝国残余势力的重要战场。在这片被时间和历史浸润过的土地上，有着无数个故事，无数个传说，而最为人熟知的是关于基督教的一个：那是一个名叫耶稣的人，在这里被钉死在十字架上。这个故事，不仅改变了一个小镇的小孩成为了全人类救赎之源，更创造了一个以基督教为中心的宗教信仰体系。
耶路撒冷中的三大宗教圣地
耶稣诞生与受难的地点——伯利恒和加略山
在这一片广袤而又狭窄的地带，形成了一种独特的文化氛围，这里不仅有着犹太人的长廊，也有着伊斯兰世界繁复的大理石雕塑，还有那些充满神秘色彩、由千万块石头砌成的大墙。然而，这些都不是真正让人印象深刻的地方，最能体现出这个城市精神灵魂的是它那三大宗教圣地——伯利恒、加略山和西墙。
伯利恒，是根据《新约》记载，即耶稣诞生之地，被认为是基督徒们最尊敬的地方之一。
加略山，又称“苦难之丘”，据说正是在此处，耶稣被捕并经历了他的最后审判与受刑过程。
西墙（也称为“哈拉·贝提尔”），即犹太人祈祷时所面向的一面，那里存放着他们的心愿和希望，是犹太人的心脏所在。
耶路撒冷中的其他重要地点
圣墓墓穴与磐石门
圣墓墓穴
磐石门
Saint Sepulchre, or the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, is one of the oldest and most sacred Christian sites in Jerusalem. It was built by Emperor Constantine's mother Helena in 326 AD on what she believed to be the site of Jesus' crucifixion, burial and resurrection. The church has been a place of pilgrimage for Christians since then.
The church is divided into three main sections: Golgotha (the Place of the Skull), where Jesus was crucified; the Tomb Chamber, where he was buried; and above that, Calvary (or Mount Golgotha), which marks the spot where he died.
Inside Saint Sepulchre are many ornate chapels dedicated to different aspects of Christ's life and death. These include an altar marking Golgotha itself; a chapel over his tomb; a chapel containing a piece said to be from his cross (the "True Cross"); as well as other relics such as his crown thorns.
This complex is considered among Christianity's holiest places - not only because it represents so much about Christ's story but also because it contains several important artifacts related to that story.
老城区及其周边地区
Jerusalem Old City includes four quarters: Jewish Quarter, Armenian Quarter, Muslim Quarter & Christian Quarter.
The city walls were built by Suleiman in 1538 after they had been destroyed during previous wars. They have stood for centuries now.
In addition there are numerous historical buildings including synagogues like Hurva Synagogue which dates back to 1817 & more recently rebuilt in 2010.
There are also churches such as St Anne’s Church which houses remains dating back from Roman times with frescoes created between 12th – early 14th century.
Lastly there are mosques like Al Aqsa Mosque known for its beautiful architecture & stunning views overlooking Temple Mount.
The old city walls contain ancient gates named Lions Gate & Golden Gate which were used historically by pilgrims coming into Jerusalem with their animals (hence 'lions gate') while others came through Dung Gate or Herod’s Gate due to their lower status within society at that time ('dung gate'). This division reflects how people lived during this period accordingly reflecting social hierarchy at play within these societies today too!
Another notable landmark inside Jerusalem Old City is Zion Gate located near Lion’s Gate leading directly into Western Wall Plaza known world wide as Wailing Wall or Kotel Hamaaravi Hebrew name meaning “Western Wall” since it remains part of Second Temple era construction work done around BC year approximately years ago!
